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John Chrysostom · 390–398 · Sermon
John Chrysostom's homilies on the Acts of the Apostles represent a masterwork of late fourth-century biblical preaching, delivered to his congregation in Constantinople between 390 and 398. These fifty-five sermons emerged from…
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John Chrysostom · 390 · Sermon
John Chrysostom's homilies on the Gospel of Matthew represent a landmark achievement in early Christian biblical commentary, delivered as sermons to his congregation in Antioch around 390. These ninety homilies emerged from…
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John Chrysostom · 390–407 · Commentary
John Chrysostom's homilies on the Pauline epistles represent the culmination of his biblical preaching ministry during his tenure as Archbishop of Constantinople from 397 to 407. These verse-by-verse expositions emerged from his…
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Nilus of Sinai · 390–430 · Letter
The letters of Nilus of Sinai emerge from the monastic communities of the early fifth century, when the desert fathers' movement had matured beyond its initial ascetic fervor into a more structured…
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Gregory of Nyssa · 390 · Book
For readers who want the great statement of Christian life as endless progress into God, told through Moses's life and then its meaning; the one work of his most people should read, though no free English translation exists yet.
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Jerome · 390 · Other
Jerome's Life of Hilarion stands as one of the most vivid and influential hagiographies of the early church, written around 390 CE to celebrate the founder of Palestinian monasticism. Composed during Jerome's…
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Nilus of Sinai · 390–430 · Treatise
De Monastica Exercitatione stands as one of the foundational treatises on monastic life from the desert tradition of early Christianity. Written by Nilus of Sinai during the late fourth or early fifth…
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Ambrose of Milan · 390–391 · Treatise
De Mysteriis is Ambrose of Milan's explanation of the Christian mysteries—baptism, confirmation, and the Eucharist—delivered as catechetical instruction to newly baptized Christians in fourth-century Milan. Written around 390-391, this treatise emerged from…
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Ambrose of Milan · 390–391 · Treatise
De Sacramentis is a collection of six homilies delivered by Ambrose of Milan to newly baptized Christians during Easter week, likely between 390 and 391. These mystagogical sermons were part of the…
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Nilus of Sinai · 390–430 · Treatise
De Voluntaria Paupertate stands as one of the foundational treatises on monastic poverty from the Egyptian desert tradition. Written during the golden age of desert monasticism, this work emerged from Nilus's direct…
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Paulinus of Nola · 390–431 · Poem
The Carmina of Paulinus of Nola comprise thirty-three surviving poems written over four decades of Christian life, from his conversion around 390 until his death in 431. Paulinus, born into Roman aristocracy…
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Poems Poems of Prudentius
Prudentius · 390–405 · Poem
Aurelius Prudentius Clemens composed his major Christian poems in the final decades of the fourth century and opening years of the fifth, as the Roman Empire faced increasing pressure from barbarian invasions…
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Sulpicius Severus · 390–420 · Book
Sulpitius Severus was a fourth-century Gallic aristocrat who abandoned his legal career and wealth to embrace monastic life after his wife's death. Writing between 390 and 420, he produced three major works…
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John Chrysostom · 391 · Sermon
John Chrysostom's thirty-two homilies on Paul's letter to the Romans represent the most sustained biblical exposition from Christianity's greatest preacher. Delivered in Antioch around 391, these sermons emerged from Chrysostom's regular practice…
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Jerome · 391 · Treatise
Jerome's Vita Malchi stands as one of the most psychologically complex hagiographical works of the early church, written around 391 CE during his residence in Bethlehem. Unlike his other biographical writings about…
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Augustine of Hippo · 391–430 · Sermon
Augustine's Sermones represent four decades of preaching to the congregations of Hippo Regius, delivered weekly and on feast days from his ordination as priest in 391 until his death in 430. These…
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Sermons on Scripture Sermons on Selected Lessons of the New Testament
Augustine of Hippo · 391–430 · Sermon
Augustine's Sermons on Selected Lessons of the New Testament preserves nearly four decades of his preaching ministry as Bishop of Hippo, delivered to congregations across North Africa from his episcopal consecration in…
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Jerome · 392 · Treatise
Jerome's "De Viris Illustribus" (On Illustrious Men) emerges from a pointed controversy in late fourth-century Christianity. Written in 392 at the request of Dexter, a Spanish official, this biographical catalog was Jerome's…
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Prudentius · 392–405 · Poem
Aurelius Prudentius Clemens stands as the greatest Christian poet of late antiquity, writing in the final decades of the fourth and early fifth centuries as the Roman Empire underwent profound transformation. His…
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Jerome · 393 · Treatise
Jerome's Against Jovinian emerged from a heated theological controversy that erupted in Rome around 393 CE when a monk named Jovinian began teaching positions that threatened established Christian attitudes toward asceticism, virginity,…
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Letters Letters of Paulinus of Nola
Paulinus of Nola · 394–431 · Letter
The letters of Paulinus of Nola span nearly four decades of correspondence from 394 to 431 CE, documenting one of the most remarkable spiritual journeys in early Christian history. Born into Roman…
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Augustine of Hippo · 396–426 · Treatise
Augustine's On Christian Doctrine emerged from the practical needs of fourth and fifth-century Christian preachers and teachers who lacked systematic guidance for interpreting Scripture and communicating its truths effectively. Writing over three…
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Augustine of Hippo · 397–398 · Treatise
Augustine's Contra Faustum Manichaeum stands as his most comprehensive refutation of Manichaeism, the dualistic religion he had embraced for nine years before his conversion to Christianity. Written between 397 and 398, this…
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Augustine of Hippo · 397–400 · Book
The Confessions stands as the first true autobiography in Western literature and one of Christianity's most influential works of spiritual formation. Written between 397 and 400 by Augustine, Bishop of Hippo, this…
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