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Amandus Polanus · 1607 · Book
Symphonia Catholica stands as Amandus Polanus's systematic demonstration that Reformed theology harmonizes with the authentic voice of the early church. Writing from his position as professor at Basel in 1607, Polanus constructed…
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Giovanni Diodati · 1607 · Scripture
The Diodati Bible was the first major Italian Protestant Bible translated directly from the original languages. A complete Protestant Bible, it was prepared as a fresh translation from Hebrew and Greek, with…
Original language
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Jacobus Arminius · 1608 · Treatise
The Declaration of Sentiments represents Jacobus Arminius's formal theological defense, written in 1608 as he faced mounting accusations of heresy from his Reformed colleagues at Leiden University. As tensions escalated over his…
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William Perkins · 1608 · Treatise
William Perkins produced this systematic treatise on witchcraft during the height of European witch trials, when Reformed theologians grappled with distinguishing genuine spiritual warfare from superstition and false accusation. Writing as a…
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Johannes Piscator · 1608 · Commentary
Johannes Piscator's Analysis logica evangelii secundum Joannem represents a sophisticated attempt to apply the methods of Ramist logic to the interpretation of John's Gospel. Published in 1608 during the height of Reformed…
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Theological Works The Works of James Arminius, Volume 2
Jacobus Arminius · 1608–1609 · Book
The second volume of Arminius's collected works contains his most sustained theological arguments, written during his professorship at Leiden University from 1603 until his death in 1609. These treatises emerged from the…
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William Perkins · 1609 · Treatise
Christian Oeconomie stands as William Perkins' systematic treatment of household management and family life within the framework of Reformed theology. Writing in the early seventeenth century, Perkins addressed the pressing need for…
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Free Sea Mare Liberum (The Free Sea)
Hugo Grotius · 1609 · Treatise
Mare Liberum is Hugo Grotius's foundational treatise on international maritime law, written in 1609 as legal counsel for the Dutch East India Company. The work emerged from a specific commercial dispute: the…
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Jacobus Arminius · 1610 · Treatise
The Apologia Adversus Articulos XXXI represents Jacobus Arminius's final theological defense, written in the months before his death in 1610. This treatise emerged from sustained accusations by his Reformed colleagues at Leiden…
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Hugo Grotius · 1610 · Treatise
Hugo Grotius wrote this treatise on the ancient constitution of the Dutch Republic in 1610, during a period of intense political and religious conflict in the newly independent Netherlands. The work emerged…
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Jacobus Arminius · 1612 · Treatise
The Examen Modestum Libelli emerged from the heated theological controversies that engulfed the Dutch Reformed Church in the early seventeenth century. Jacobus Arminius composed this treatise as a careful response to a…
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Zacharias Ursinus · 1612–1644 · Other
The Opera Theologica represents the collected theological writings of Zacharias Ursinus, the principal author of the Heidelberg Catechism and one of the most influential Reformed theologians of the sixteenth century. Published posthumously…
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Johannes Piscator · 1613 · Commentary
Johannes Piscator's comprehensive commentary on the entire New Testament emerged from his decades of teaching at the University of Herborn, where he served as professor of theology from 1584 until his death…
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Hugo Grotius · 1613 · Treatise
Hugo Grotius wrote this treatise in 1613 to defend the religious policies of the States of Holland and West Frisia against charges of heterodoxy and political overreach. The work emerged during the…
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Hugo Grotius · 1617 · Treatise
Grotius wrote this theological treatise in 1617 as a direct response to the Socinian denial of Christ's substitutionary atonement. Faustus Socinus and his followers had argued that Christ's death was merely exemplary…
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William Ames · 1618 · Treatise
William Ames wrote this brief but pointed theological treatise in 1618 as a direct response to the Remonstrant controversy that was then dividing the Dutch Reformed Church. The work emerged from Ames's…
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William Ames · 1618 · Treatise
Written in the aftermath of the Synod of Dort, this treatise by William Ames serves as both a theological capstone and a polemical defense of Reformed orthodoxy against Arminian challenges. The Synod…
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John Preston · 1620–1630 · Treatise
John Preston's "The Saints Qualification" emerged from his preaching ministry at Cambridge University and Lincoln's Inn during the 1620s, when English Puritanism faced mounting pressure from Archbishop Laud's ecclesiastical reforms. As one…
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Hugo Grotius · 1625 · Treatise
Hugo Grotius composed this foundational treatise on the law of war and peace while in exile from the Dutch Republic, completing it in 1625 during a period of intense religious and political…
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William Ames · 1627 · Treatise
William Ames wrote his Medulla Theologiae (The Marrow of Theology) in 1627 as a systematic presentation of Reformed doctrine for students at the University of Franeker in the Dutch Republic. Working in…
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Hugo Grotius · 1627 · Treatise
Hugo Grotius wrote this systematic defense of Christianity in 1627 while serving as Sweden's ambassador to France, having fled the Dutch Republic following his imprisonment and dramatic escape during the religious and…
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William Ames · 1628 · Treatise
William Ames composed this systematic refutation of Robert Bellarmine's influential defense of Roman Catholic doctrine during the height of post-Reformation theological controversy. Bellarmine's multi-volume "Disputations on the Controversies of the Christian Faith"…
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Arthur Hildersham · 1629 · Commentary
Arthur Hildersham's "CVIII Lectures Upon the Fourth of Iohn" represents one of the most thorough verse-by-verse expositions of John chapter 4 produced during the early Reformed period in England. Delivered as sermons…
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William Ames · 1629 · Treatise
William Ames composed this polemical treatise in 1629 as a direct response to the proceedings and decisions of the Synod of Dort (1618-1619), writing from his position as a Reformed theologian in…
