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Old English Hexateuch Old English Hexateuch / Ælfrician Biblical Translations
Ælfric of Eynsham and others · 1000 · Scripture
The largest complex of Old English prose translation of the Old Testament, this body of work covers Genesis through Joshua together with related Old Testament material, rendered from Latin with the Latin…
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Symeon the New Theologian · 1000–1020 · Treatise
The Catecheses represents the spiritual teachings of Simeon the New Theologian delivered as oral instructions to the monks of the Monastery of Saint Mamas in Constantinople during his tenure as abbot from…
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Symeon the New Theologian · 1000–1020 · Treatise
The Capita theologica gnostica et practica represents Simeon the New Theologian's systematic attempt to codify the principles of mystical theology and spiritual practice within the Eastern Orthodox tradition. Written during the early…
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Symeon the New Theologian · 1005–1020 · Poem
The Actio de gratiarum represents one of Simeon the New Theologian's most sustained poetic meditations on divine grace and human gratitude. Written during the early eleventh century as part of his broader…
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Peter Damian · 1040–1072 · Letter
Peter Damian's letters constitute one of the most important collections of spiritual correspondence from the eleventh-century reform movement. Written between 1040 and 1072, these epistles emerged from Damian's dual role as a…
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Peter Damian · 1040–1050 · Treatise
Peter Damian's treatise on monastic perfection emerged from his deep involvement in the eleventh-century reform movement that sought to restore authentic religious life to European monasteries. Writing as both a hermit and…
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Peter Damian · 1040 · Treatise
Peter Damian's Antilogus Contra Judaeos stands as one of the earliest systematic medieval Christian responses to Jewish biblical interpretation and theological arguments. Written around 1040 during Damian's reforming career as a Camaldolese…
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Peter Damian · 1042 · Other
Peter Damian's "Life of Saint Romuald" stands as one of the most influential hagiographical works of the eleventh century, written around 1042 to commemorate the founder of the Camaldolese order who had…
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Peter Damian · 1049 · Treatise
The Liber Gomorrhianus is a fierce moral treatise written by the Benedictine monk and reformer Peter Damian in 1049, addressed to Pope Leo IX during the height of the Gregorian Reform movement.…
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Peter Damian · 1050–1060 · Treatise
Peter Damian's "De Laude Flagellorum" (In Praise of Flagellation) emerged from the reformist monastery of Fonte Avellana in the mid-eleventh century, where Damian served as prior. Written during a period of intense…
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Paris Psalter Paris Psalter Old English Version
Anonymous; prose once attributed to Alfred · 1050 · Scripture
The Paris Psalter is an important Old English Psalter, so called from the manuscript in which it survives, that presents the Psalms in two forms: a prose translation of the opening portion…
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Lanfranc of Bec · 1059–1079 · Treatise
De Corpore et Sanguine Domini is Lanfranc of Bec's theological treatise defending the doctrine of the real presence in the Eucharist against the challenges posed by Berengar of Tours. Written between 1059…
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Peter Damian · 1063 · Treatise
Dominus Vobiscum is Peter Damian's theological treatise defending the validity of solitary prayer and worship, written in 1063 to address controversies surrounding hermit life and communal worship requirements. The Camaldolese reformer composed…
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Peter Damian · 1067 · Treatise
Peter Damian's "On Divine Omnipotence" emerged from an eleventh-century dispute over whether God could restore virginity to those who had lost it. Written in 1067 as a letter to the monk Desiderius,…
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Lanfranc of Bec · 1070–1089 · Commentary
Lanfranc of Bec's commentary on the Pauline epistles emerged from the intellectual revival of eleventh-century monasticism, when the future Archbishop of Canterbury was establishing Bec as one of Europe's premier centers of…
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Lanfranc of Bec · 1070–1089 · Other
The Decreta pro Ordine Sancti Benedicti represents Lanfranc of Bec's comprehensive elaboration of the Rule of Saint Benedict for the reformed monasteries of Norman England. Written during his tenure as Archbishop of…
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Anselm of Canterbury · 1070–1109 · Letter
Anselm's letters, written throughout his career as monk, abbot, and Archbishop of Canterbury from roughly 1070 to 1109, constitute one of the most extensive and intimate collections of medieval correspondence to survive.…
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Anselm of Canterbury · 1070–1080 · Other
Anselm of Canterbury composed these prayers and meditations during his years as a monk at Bec Abbey in Normandy, writing them between approximately 1070 and 1080 for fellow monastics seeking deeper contemplative…
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Anselm of Canterbury · 1076 · Treatise
The Monologion emerged from Anselm's role as teacher and prior at the monastery of Bec in Normandy, where his fellow monks requested a work that would demonstrate God's existence and attributes through…
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Anselm of Canterbury · 1076 · Treatise
The Monologium represents Anselm of Canterbury's first sustained philosophical work, written around 1076 while he served as prior at the Abbey of Bec in Normandy. Composed at the request of his fellow…
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Lanfranc of Bec · 1077 · Other
Lanfranc's Constitutiones emerged from the practical challenges of reforming English monastic life in the decades following the Norman Conquest. As Archbishop of Canterbury under William the Conqueror, Lanfranc drew upon his earlier…
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Anselm of Canterbury · 1077–1098 · Book
This collection gathers Anselm of Canterbury's most influential theological works, written during his tenure as abbot of Bec and later as Archbishop of Canterbury in the late eleventh and early twelfth centuries.…
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Anselm of Canterbury · 1078 · Treatise
The Proslogion is Anselm of Canterbury's philosophical meditation on the existence and nature of God, written around 1078 as a follow-up to his earlier Monologion. Anselm sought to discover a single, self-contained…
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Anselm of Canterbury · 1080 · Treatise
Anselm's treatise On Freedom of Choice emerged from the philosophical ferment of eleventh-century monasticism, where questions of human agency and divine sovereignty pressed urgently on both theological speculation and spiritual practice. Written…
