-
Polycarp of Smyrna · 155–160 · Book
The Martyrdom of Polycarp stands as the earliest detailed account of Christian martyrdom outside the New Testament, written as a letter from the church of Smyrna to the church of Philomelium around…
Free
-
Tatian the Assyrian · 160–180 · Treatise
The Address to the Greeks stands as one of the most rhetorically aggressive early Christian apologies, written by Tatian the Assyrian sometime between 160 and 180 CE. A student of Justin Martyr…
Free
-
Tatian the Assyrian · 160–175 · Other
The Diatessaron is a harmony of the four canonical Gospels created by Tatian the Assyrian around 160-175 CE. Written originally in Syriac, this ambitious work emerged from the practical needs of early…
Free
-
Fragments Fragments of Melito
Melito of Sardis · 160–180 · Other
The surviving fragments of Melito, bishop of Sardis in the second century, represent scattered pieces of what was once a substantial body of Christian apologetic and theological writing. Melito lived during the…
-
Memoirs Ante-Nicene Fathers: Beginning of Christianity to the Nicene Creed - Hegesippus
Hegesippus · 160–180 · Other
Hegesippus composed his five-volume "Hypomnemata" (Memoirs) in the mid-to-late second century as one of the earliest systematic attempts to trace the apostolic succession and defend orthodox Christian teaching against the proliferation of…
Free
-
Memoirs Ante-Nicene Fathers/Volume VIII/Remains of the Second and Third Centuries/Hegesippus/Acts of the Church/Fragment 1
Hegesippus · 160–180 · Other
This fragment preserves a brief but crucial witness from Hegesippus, a second-century Christian historian whose five-volume "Memoirs" (Hypomnemata) documented the early church's development from the apostolic age through his own time. Writing…
Free
-
Hegesippus · 160–180 · Other
Hegesippus composed his Hypomnemata (Memoirs or Records) in the second half of the second century as one of the earliest attempts to preserve the apostolic succession and defend orthodox Christian teaching against…
Free
-
Minucius Felix · 160–250 · Treatise
The Octavius is a philosophical dialogue written by the Roman lawyer Minucius Felix sometime in the late second or early third century. Set as a conversation between three friends walking along the…
Free
-
Melito of Sardis · 160–180 · Sermon
Peri Pascha (On the Passover) is a paschal homily delivered by Melito, bishop of Sardis in Asia Minor, during the latter half of the second century. The sermon emerged from the Quartodeciman…
-
Melito of Sardis · 160–180 · Other
The fragments and surviving works of Melito of Sardis represent one of our earliest windows into second-century Christian thought and practice. Melito served as bishop of Sardis in Asia Minor during the…
Free
-
Apology Apology to Marcus Aurelius
Melito of Sardis · 169–177 · Treatise
Melito's Apology to Marcus Aurelius stands as one of the earliest and most politically astute Christian defenses addressed directly to imperial authority. Written sometime between 169 and 177 CE during the reign…
-
Irenaeus of Lyons · 175–200 · Other
For historians of the second century, especially the Easter controversy and the memory of Polycarp; not a book to read through.
Read hereFreeDemanding
-
To Autolycus Tertullian's Prescription against hereticks; and the apologeticks of St. Theophilus Bishop of Antioch to Autolycus
Theophilus of Antioch · 175–185 · Book
Theophilus of Antioch's apologetic work emerges from the intellectual ferment of second-century Christianity, when educated pagans challenged the new faith's claims and Christian thinkers responded with sophisticated defenses. Writing to his friend…
Free
-
Athenagoras of Athens · 176–180 · Treatise
A Plea for the Christians stands as one of the most sophisticated apologetic treatises of the second century, written by Athenagoras of Athens around 176-180 CE and addressed directly to the Roman…
Free
-
Athenagoras of Athens · 177–180 · Treatise
Athenagoras of Athens composed this systematic defense of bodily resurrection around 177–180, addressing both pagan philosophical objections and Christian doubts about this central doctrine. Writing in the wake of his earlier "Legatio"…
Free
-
Theophilus of Antioch · 180–185 · Treatise
Written around 180-185 CE by Theophilus, the sixth bishop of Antioch, this three-book apologetic treatise addresses a pagan intellectual named Autolycus who had apparently challenged Christian beliefs and ridiculed the faith. Theophilus…
Free
-
Clement of Alexandria · 190–215 · Book
Clement of Alexandria stands as Christianity's first great intellectual synthesizer, writing at the turn of the third century when the young church faced the challenge of engaging sophisticated Hellenistic culture without compromising…
Free
-
Irenaeus of Lyons · 190–200 · Treatise
For any reader wanting the faith of the second-century church in one sitting, and the best first book of Irenaeus; not for someone looking for his arguments against the Gnostics.
Read hereFreeAudioOriginal languageModerate
-
Clement of Alexandria · 190–200 · Treatise
The Protrepticus stands as Clement of Alexandria's bold invitation to the pagan intellectual elite of late second-century Alexandria to abandon their philosophical and religious traditions for Christianity. Written around 190-200 CE, this…
Free
-
Clement of Alexandria · 190–215 · Treatise
The Paedagogus stands as Clement of Alexandria's systematic guide to Christian living, written between 190 and 215 CE for the sophisticated Greek-speaking Christians of Alexandria. As the second volume of his trilogy…
Free
-
Clement of Alexandria · 190–210 · Treatise
Clement of Alexandria's "Quis dives salvetur" ("Who Is the Rich Man That Shall Be Saved?") emerges from the pastoral challenge of wealthy converts entering the Alexandrian church in the late second century.…
Free
-
Clement of Alexandria · 190–215 · Other
Clement of Alexandria's writings emerged from the vibrant intellectual climate of late second-century Alexandria, where Christianity encountered the full force of Greek philosophy and culture. As head of Alexandria's catechetical school, Clement…
Free
-
Tertullian · 196–220 · Other
Tertullian's writings emerge from the pressures facing Christianity in late second and early third-century Carthage, where the young faith confronted both sophisticated pagan intellectual attacks and internal doctrinal confusion. As the first…
FreeHard
-
Tertullian · 196–200 · Treatise
For readers asking how the early church judged truth and authority — tradition, succession, the rule of faith; not for a devotional reader.
FreeOriginal languageDemanding
