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Commentary on Kings In libros Regum commentarii doctissimi
Peter Martyr Vermigli · 1566 · Commentary
Peter Martyr Vermigli's commentary on the Books of Kings emerged from his lectures delivered at the University of Strasbourg in the 1550s, where he held the chair of Old Testament studies. This…
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Heinrich Bullinger · 1566 · Treatise
The Second Helvetic Confession stands as one of the most comprehensive and influential Reformed confessions of faith, written by Heinrich Bullinger in 1566. Originally composed as Bullinger's personal confession of faith, it…
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Teresa of Ávila · 1566 · Book
Teresa of Ávila wrote The Way of Perfection in 1566 as a practical guide for the nuns of the reformed Carmelite convent she had recently founded in Ávila. The work emerged from…
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Peter Martyr Vermigli · 1567 · Commentary
Peter Martyr Vermigli's commentary on First Corinthians emerged from his lectures delivered at the University of Strasbourg in the 1540s and 1550s, published posthumously in 1567. As one of the most learned…
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John Jewel · 1567 · Treatise
John Jewel's Defence emerged from the fierce theological battles of the early Elizabethan settlement, written as a direct response to Thomas Harding's comprehensive attack on Jewel's earlier Apology of the Church of…
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Firm Foundation A Firm Foundation: An Aid to Interpreting the Heidelberg Catechism
Caspar Olevianus · 1567 · Commentary
A Firm Foundation emerged from the immediate practical needs of Reformed churches in the Palatinate following the publication of the Heidelberg Catechism in 1563. Caspar Olevianus, one of the catechism's principal architects…
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Teresa of Ávila · 1567 · Other
Teresa of Ávila wrote the Constituciones in 1567 to give concrete governing order to the reformed Carmelite houses she had begun founding, starting with San José in Ávila in 1562. The reform…
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Committee of Church of England bishops under Matthew Parker · 1568 · Scripture
The Bishops' Bible was the Church of England's official answer to the Geneva Bible, produced under episcopal oversight and closely associated with episcopal authority. Covering the complete Bible, it drew on Hebrew,…
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Bear Bible Reina Bible / Biblia del Oso
Casiodoro de Reina · 1569 · Scripture
The Reina Bible, commonly called the Biblia del Oso, is a foundational Spanish Protestant Bible, produced by Casiodoro de Reina and published in 1569. Rather than adapting an existing version, it offered…
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Teresa of Ávila · 1569 · Treatise
Teresa of Ávila wrote these seventeen brief exclamations in 1569, during a period of intense mystical experience following her completion of The Interior Castle. The work emerged from what she described as…
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Martin Chemnitz · 1569 · Treatise
Martin Chemnitz composed this systematic theological treatise in 1569 as part of the Lutheran church's ongoing effort to articulate its doctrinal positions in the decades following Luther's death. Writing during a period…
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Theodore Beza · 1569 · Treatise
Theodore Beza's "Tractatio de Repudiis et Divortiis" emerged from the pressing pastoral and legal challenges facing Reformed churches in the sixteenth century as they sought to establish biblical grounds for marriage dissolution.…
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Martin Chemnitz · 1571 · Treatise
Martin Chemnitz wrote this systematic treatise on the two natures of Christ in 1571 as part of the broader Lutheran effort to articulate orthodox Christology against both Roman Catholic and Reformed positions.…
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Teresa of Ávila · 1572 · Treatise
Teresa of Ávila wrote this mystical commentary on the Song of Songs in 1572 at the request of her confessor, Padre Jerónimo Gracián, who asked her to expand upon certain verses that…
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Girolamo Zanchi · 1572 · Treatise
Girolamo Zanchi's treatise on the Trinity emerged from the doctrinal controversies that continued to roil Protestant territories in the mid-sixteenth century. Writing as professor of theology at Strasbourg, Zanchi confronted both anti-Trinitarian…
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Teresa of Ávila · 1573 · Book
Teresa of Ávila's Foundations chronicles her seventeen-year campaign to reform Carmelite religious life across Spain, written as she traveled between convents and negotiated with bishops, nobles, and local authorities. Composed in fragments…
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Martin Chemnitz · 1573–1574 · Treatise
Martin Chemnitz's second volume of his systematic critique of the Council of Trent represents the most thorough Lutheran response to the Catholic Counter-Reformation's doctrinal decrees. Written in the decade following the council's…
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Martin Chemnitz · 1573–1586 · Treatise
The third part of Martin Chemnitz's massive critique of the Council of Trent addresses the Catholic Church's decrees on the sacraments, particularly focusing on the Mass, ordination, and extreme unction. Written between…
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Caspar Olevianus · 1574 · Treatise
Caspar Olevianus wrote this dialogue on the Lord's Supper in 1574 as Reformed churches across Europe struggled to articulate their sacramental theology against both Roman Catholic transubstantiation and Lutheran consubstantiation. As co-author…
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Theodore Beza · 1574 · Treatise
Theodore Beza's treatise on the right of magistrates emerged from the religious wars tearing through sixteenth-century France. Writing in 1574 as Calvin's successor in Geneva, Beza confronted a pressing question for Reformed…
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Lancelot Andrewes · 1575–1626 · Other
The Private Devotions of Lancelot Andrewes emerge from the personal prayer life of one of the English church's most learned bishops during the early seventeenth century. Originally composed in Latin, Greek, and…
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Peter Martyr Vermigli · 1576 · Book
Peter Martyr Vermigli's Loci Communes represents one of the most significant theological compendia of the early Reformed tradition. Published posthumously in 1576, this systematic arrangement of theological topics emerged from Vermigli's decades…
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Caspar Olevianus · 1576 · Commentary
Caspar Olevianus composed this exposition of the Apostles' Creed in 1576 as a systematic theological commentary designed to establish Reformed orthodoxy in the Palatinate. Writing during the period of confessional consolidation following…
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Teresa of Ávila · 1576 · Treatise
Teresa of Ávila wrote this short treatise in 1576, near the end of her life, at the request of Padre Jerónimo Gracián, who had been appointed apostolic visitator to the Discalced Carmelite…
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